Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml is a Product of the Generic Azithromycin Dihydrate

What Is Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml Indications and Uses?

Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) is indicated for infections (caused by susceptible organisms) in lower respiratory tract infections including bronchitis and pneumonia, in upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis and pharyngitis/tonsillitis, in otitis media, and in skin and soft tissue infections. In sexually transmitted diseases in men and women, Azi Mx is indicated in the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis due to Chlamydia trachomatis.

Pharmacology (Source, Chemical and Physical Composition) Of Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml

Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) is acid-stable and can therefore be taken orally with no need of protection from gastric acids. It is readily absorbed; its absorption is greater on an empty stomach. Time to peak concentration in adults is 2.1 to 3.2 hours for oral dosage forms. Due to the high concentration in phagocytes, azithromycin is actively transported to the site of infection. During active phagocytosis, large concentrations of azithromycin are released. The concentration of azithromycin in the tissues can be over 50 times higher than in plasma. This is due to ion trapping and the high lipid solubility. Azithromycin's half-life allows a large single dose to be administered and yet maintain bacteriostatic levels in the infected tissue for several days. Following a single 500 mg dose, plasma concentrations of azithromycin declined in a polyphasic pattern with a mean apparent plasma clearance of 630 mL/min and a terminal elimination half life of 68 hours. The prolonged terminal half-life is thought to be due to extensive uptake and subsequent release of drug from tissues. Biliary excretion of azithromycin, predominantly unchanged, is a major route of elimination. Over the course of a week, approximately 6% of the administered dose appears as unchanged drug in urine. Microbiology: Azithromycin acts by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible microorganisms and, thus, interfering with microbial protein synthesis. Nucleic acid synthesis is not affected. Azithromycin has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections: Aerobic and facultative gram-positive microorganisms : Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes Aerobic and facultative gram-negative microorganisms : Haemophilus ducreyi, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae Other microorganisms : Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Betalactamase production should have no effect on azithromycin activity. Aerobic and facultative gram-positive microorganisms : Streptococci (Groups C,F,G), Viridans group streptococci Aerobic and facultative gram-negative microorganisms : Bordetella pertussis, Legionella pneumophila Anaerobic microorganisms : Peptostreptococcus species, Prevotella bivia

Drug Interactions of Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml

Antacid : In patients receiving azithromycin and antacids, azithromycin should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after the antacid. Carbamazepine: In a pharmacokinetic interaction study in healthy volunteers, no significant effect was observed on the plasma levels of carbamazepine or its active metabolite. Cyclosporin : Some of the related macrolide antibiotics interfere with the metabolism of cyclosporin. In the absence of conclusive data from pharmacokinetic studies or clinical data investigating potential interactions between azithromycin and cyclosporine, caution should be exercised before co-administration of these two drugs. If coadministrations is necessary, cyclosporin levels should be monitored and the dose adjusted accordingly. Digoxin : Some of the macrolide antibiotics have been reported to impair the metabolism of digoxin (in the gut) in some patients. Therefore, in patients receiving concomitant azithromycin and digoxin the possibility of raised digoxin levels should be borne in mind and digoxin levels monitored. Ergot derivatives : Because of the theoretical possibility of ergotism, azithromycin and ergot derivatives should not be co-administered. Methylprednisolone : In a pharmacokinetic interaction study in healthy volunteers, azithromycin had no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of methylprednisolone. Theophylline : There is no evidence of any pharmacokinetic interaction when azithromycin and theophylline are co-administered to healthy volunteers. In general, however, theophylline levels should be monitored. Warfarin : In a pharmacodynamic interaction study, azithromycin did not alter the anticoagulant effect of a single 15 mg dose of warfarin administered to healthy volunteers. Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) and warfarin may be co-administered, but monitoring of the prothrombin time should be continued as routinely performed. Terfenadine : Azi Mx did not affect the pharmacokinetics of terfenadine administered at the recommended dose of 60 mg every 12 hours. Addition of azithromycin did not result in any significant changes in cardiac repolarisation (QTc interval) measured during the steady state dosing of terfenadine.

Side Effects of Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml

Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) is well tolerated with a low incidence of side-effects. Most side-effects observed were mild to moderate in severity. The majority of side-effects were gastrointestinal in origin with nauseas, abdominal discomfort (pain/cramps), vomiting, flatulence, diarrhoea and loose stools being occasionally observed. Allergic reactions such as rash or photosensitivity have occurred and there have also been rare reports of serious hypersensitivity reactions. Reversible elevations in liver transaminases have been seen with a frequency similar to the comparative macrolides and penicillins used in clinical trials. Rarely, cases of cholestatic jaundice have been observed. Transient mild reductions in neutrofil counts have occasionally been observed in clinical trials, although a causal relationship to azithromycin has not been established. Hearing impairment: In investigational studies where higher doses were used for prolonged periods of time, reversible hearing impairment was seen in some patients.

Precautions And Warnings for Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml

As with erythromycin and other macrolides, rare serious allergic reactions, including angioneurotic oedema and anaphylaxis, has been reported. Some of these reactions with Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) have resulted in recurrent symptoms and required a long period of observation and treatment.

Use During Pregnancy and Lactation

Pregnancy Category of Azi Mx 200 mg/5 ml (Azithromycin Dihydrate) is B. Animal reproduction studies have demonstrated that Azithromycin has no evidence of harm to the fetus. There are no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Since animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, Azithromycin should be used during pregnancy only if adequate alternatives are not available. It is not known whether Azithromycin is secreted in breast milk. So, caution should be exercised when Azithromycin is administered to nursing women.

Therapeutic Class

Macrolides

Storage Conditions of It

Keep in a dry place away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.